Foal Diarrhea
General Information
Diarrhea in the foal can be a potentially dangerous condition and as such you should always consult with your veterinarian when the problem arises. Foals under 7 days of age should be rapidly assessed.
Diarrhea in the foal can be caused by several factors including:
1) Foal Heat - mild diarrhea occurring between 6 and 14 days of age which usually resolves on its own.
2) Nutrition - overconsumption after a period of separation from the dam and feeding of a low quality milk replacer are the most common entities leading to nutritional diarrhea.
3) Viruses - numerous viruses including rotavirus and coronavirus can incite diarrhea in the foal.
4) Bacteria - certain bacteria can induce acute death or severe toxemia in the foal even before diarrhea sets in. Most bacteria, however, aggravate the diarrheas caused by viruses.
5) Parasites - Roundworms, blood worms, and thread worms have all been cited to cause diarrhea in the foal.
Important Points To Remember
1) Fluids - Oral electrolyte supplementation is often necessary in foals who have an extended bout of diarrhea and are becoming dehydrated. In some cases I.V. fluid replacement is necessary.
2) Protectants - In foals who do not show signs of toxemia, such as fever and depression. Pepto-bismol can be given at a dose of 4 to 6 ounces every 6 to 8 hours. If no improvement is seen within 48 hours it should be discontinued.
3) Antibiotics - In foals suspected of having bacterial diarrhea or severe toxic changes, broad spectrum antibiotics are necessary. Always consult with your veterinarian before administration of antibiotics.
4) Anti-inflammatory agents - Your veterinarian may recommend agents like Banamine to help reduce intestinal swelling and to relieve pain. These agents should be used cautiously in ill and dehydrated foals.
5) Milk Withdrawl - In bacterial diarrhea caused by clostridial organisms mild feeding should be withheld. Hydration must be maintained by oral or I.V. fluid administration.
Notify the Doctor If:
1) The foal passes blood in its stool.
2) The foal becomes increasingly lethargic or depressed.
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